In the world of education, the debate around the “right way” to approach phonics instruction is ongoing, particularly when it comes to teaching older students. As educators and parents, we often wonder if traditional phonics approaches are suitable for teens, especially those who struggle with reading. The answer is nuanced. While phonics can be a valuable tool, it must be approached thoughtfully. Here are three essential considerations for effectively teaching phonics to teenagers.
1. Use Contextualized Learning
Abstract phonics instruction can be disengaging for teens. Instead of isolating phonetic components, integrate phonics instruction within meaningful, relevant contexts. This may involve using texts that resonate with teenagers (instead of ones that are geared for younger readers), articles about current events (we love Newsela!)), or content related to their interests.
For example, when teaching a specific phonetic pattern, select passages or decodable texts that include those sounds in engaging narratives or relatable topics (we have some suggestions here). This approach not only helps students see the practical application of phonics but also fosters a love for reading by connecting it to their lives. Contextual learning validates their experiences and makes the learning process more relevant and engaging, thus increasing motivation and retention.
2. Incorporate Multisensory Techniques
Teens learn best when given the opportunity to engage through multiple senses. While phonics typically focuses on visual elements (like letters and words), incorporating auditory, tactile, and kinesthetic activities can make lessons more effective for older students.
Here are some strategies:
- Auditory Activities: Use audio books or read-alouds that emphasize sounds and word structures. Encourage students to listen and read simultaneously, boosting their phonemic awareness.
- Tactile Learning: Have students manipulate letters or using letter tiles to form words. Additionally, use colorful pens, pencils, or highlighters to highlight and reinforce phonics concepts within the text. These hands-on learning experiences can reinforce phonics principles while accommodating various learning styles.
- Kinesthetic Engagement: Utilize movement-based activities, such as word scavenger hunts or games that require physical interaction with words and sounds.
By employing multisensory techniques, you can cater to diverse learning preferences and enhance phonics instruction for teens.
3. Foster a Supportive Reading Culture
Creating a supportive environment is crucial for the success of phonics instruction for older students. Teens often face embarrassment or frustration over their reading abilities, so it’s essential to cultivate a classroom culture that prioritizes growth over perfection.
Here are some tips to create a supportive reading culture:
- Encourage Peer Collaboration: Pair students in reading groups, allowing them to support each other in their learning journeys. Collaborative activities help reduce anxiety and promote a sense of community.
- Utilize the “Backpack Test”: At Storyshares, this is the term we use to describe a book that students would be comfortable taking out of their backpack and reading in front of their peers, without feeling any stigma around their reading level. For a 6th grader, a book like “My Fluffy Bunny” would not pass the backpack test, but a book like “Refried Dreams” would.
- Provide Choice: Allow students to select reading material that interests them. When teens have a say in what they read, they are more likely to engage with phonics instruction enthusiastically.
By fostering a positive and supportive reading culture, you help teens feel safe and empowered to tackle their literacy challenges.
Conclusion
While teaching phonics to teens may seem unconventional, it can be a valuable part of their literacy development when approached thoughtfully. By contextualizing learning, incorporating multisensory techniques, and fostering a supportive reading culture, educators can effectively engage older students in phonics instruction.
Ultimately, the goal is to empower teens to become confident readers who see the value of literacy in their lives. So, before you dive into phonics with your students, ensure you're doing these three essential things to maximize the impact of your teaching.
Browse our Decodable Chapter Books to discover engaging, relevant books that perfectly complement phonics instruction for striving teen readers.